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In 1862 the citizens of Burlingame, Kansas, constructed a stone fort around the town well, in an intersection in the business district. This was done to prevent the burning of Burlingame by Confederate guerrilla William Anderson, later known as Bloody Bill Anderson. He and his family had lived in a neighboring county up to 1862, but Anderson got into considerable trouble and was forced to leave. Upon leaving, Anderson threatened to burn Burlingame.〔Heidi Strohm-Stromgren, letter to William C. Pollard, Jr., November 3, 1993, p. 1; Pollard, "Forts and Military Posts in Kansas: 1854-1865," (Ph.D. dissertation, Faith Baptist College and Seminary, 1997), pp. 13-4; ''History of the State of Kansas'' (Chicago: A. T. Andreas, 1883), p. 1534.〕 The townspeople constructed the circular fort day and night until it was completed. When completed the fort was twenty-five feet across and had a wall thirty inches thick, constructed of stone. The wall was eight feet high and had twenty-five gunholes for its defenders to fire through if under attack. Supposedly the fort was large enough to contain the entire population of Burlingame within its walls.〔"Burlingame, Kas., Was Important Town in Days When Travelers Over Trail Passed Through Its Main Street," ''Kansas City Journal-Post'', September 6, 1925, p. 3; James H. Rogers, "History of Osage County," ''The Osage City Free Press'', September 14, 1876, p. 2; "Burlingame Church Built from Stones, Once Part of Old Fort," ''The Topeka State Journal'', February 27, 1923, p. 6; Pollard, "Need Info," ''The Osage County Chronicle'' (Burlingame), October 28, 1993, p. 4; H. Dean Parsons, interview with Pollard, Burlingame, Kans., November 11, 1993; Kurt Kessinger, interview with Pollard, Burlingame, Kans., November 11, 1993.〕 The fort was manned periodically by armed men or troops. When troops manned it, they camped nearby, not inside the fort. When the area's men were called to duty to fight Confederates elsewhere, women and children manned the fort. Mrs. G. W. "Aunt Fanny" Hoover commanded the fort during these times.〔"Burlingame Church Built from Stones," p. 6; Mrs. Alice Mundell, "Pioneer Days of Kansas" (Parker, Kans.: December 8, 1939), p. 2 (from ''The Osage County Chronicle'' Office, Burlingame, Kans.).〕 When the men left in September 1864 to meet the Confederate invasion under Maj. Gen. Sterling Price, Mrs. Hoover received word that the Union forces had been decimated. She abandoned the fort, but the information about the defeat was incorrect. After the Civil War the fort's stones were used to construct a Baptist church.〔"Burlingame Church Built from Stones," p. 6; Kessinger interview.〕 ==References== 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Burlingame's Fort」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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